为您找到与prefer to do和rather than相关的共200个结果:
下面是小编整理的一些关于prefer to do 和rather than do的正确用法,希望对大家有帮助。
1、后接不定式时与rather than 或instead of连用,如:
He preferred to die rather than (to) steal. / He perferred to die instead of stealing. 他宁死也不去偷窃。
2、注意介词搭配,如:
I prefer swimming to skating. (I like swimming better than skating.)我喜欢游泳胜过滑冰。
prefer 因其本身含有比较之意,而不可再与more 或most连用。
3、prefer+名词或动名词“宁愿”,“更喜欢”。
He comes from Shanghai, so he prefers rice. 他是上海人,因此更喜欢吃米饭。
I prefer going by bike.我宁愿骑单车去。
I prefer the white one.我喜欢那个白的。
4、prefer to do “愿意做”。
I prefer to go at once.我愿意马上就走。
5、prefer sb. to do “愿意某人做”
I prefer you to go at once.我倒希望你马上就走。
6、prefer to sth.“宁愿做...而不做...”.
I prefer tea to milk.我宁愿喝茶也不喝牛奶。
I prefer watching TV to going out. 我宁愿看电视也不出去。
7、prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.“宁愿做...而不做...”
I prefer to watch TV rather than go out.我宁愿呆在家里也不出去。
8、prefer+ that从句“宁愿”(从句一般用虚拟语气)
I prefer that you should do it.我宁愿你做这件事。
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一般说来,“be to do” 这个结构有两种语法意义,其一是连系动词be+动词不定式做表语,其二是be to是一个独立词汇单位,具有情态含义,可以把它叫做情态习语(modal idiom)。 下面小编就和大家分享下 be to do的用法。
一、be +动词不定式, 不定式做表语,表示主语和表语在概念上是等同的。如:
The problem is to find a solution.
His plan is to clean the room.
My wish is to be a doctor.
二、be to +动词不定式中的be to用作情态习语, 这时的be to do表示: “计划”、“安排”、“义务”、“应该”、“可能”、“命运”等。(have to, ought to)。如:
He is to have a holiday. (表示将来)
The committee is to meet today. (表示计划、安排)
You are to go to the hotel where rooms have already been booked for you.
1. 表示 “将”、“计划”、“安排”。(意思接近于be going to) 如:
Their daughter is to get married soon.
Who is to question him?
It was the last film at the cinema,which was to close next day.
After dinner they were to go to a movie.
was/ were to do 表示过去曾经计划要做的事,或者过去应当做的事,而且从现在的角度来看已经实现了。如:
I felt nervous because I was soon to leave home for the first time.
I was to play Juliet.
The expedition was to start in a week’s time.
was/ were to have done, 表示 “本打算”、“本计划”或“本应当” 做的事而没有做成或没有发生。如:
I was to have seen him last Wednesday, but he didn’t come.
We were to have been married last year.
2. 表示 “义务”、“应该” 。(意思接近于should, must, ought to, have to) 如:
No one is to leave the building. 谁也不得离开这楼房。
You are not to smoke in this room.=You are not supposed to smoke in this room.
You are to be back by 10 o’clock. 你必须十点以前回来。
3. 表示可能性, 相当于can, may 如:
Such books are to be found in the library. 这样的书在图书馆里就能找到。
Not a single sound was to be heard. 一点儿声音也听不到。
Not a soul was to be seen. 看不到一个人影。
She was nowhere to be found. 哪儿也找不到她。
She was never to see his wife and family again.
5. 表示 “命运”, 将来必然要发生的事, 译作 “注定……”。如:
He came to power, but he was to play dearly for it: soon he was assassinated.
The worst is still to come.
They said goodbye, little knowing they were never to meet again.
6. 用于“if…were to do”,表示虚拟语气。如:
If it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off. 如果明天下雨, 运动会就会延期。
"be to do"的5种用法
一、表示“按计划、安排即将发生某事或打算做某事”。
例:She is to be seen in the lab on Monday.(星期一你准会在实验室见到她。
二、该做或不该做的事情(语气上接近于should, must, ought to, have to),表示一种命令、规劝性语气。
例:You are to go to bed and keep quiet, kids. Our guests are arriving in less than 5 minutes.(孩子们,你们必须上床睡觉,不准吵闹。我们的客人5分钟之内就要到了。)
三、能或不能发生的事情(接近can, may)
例:How am I to pay such a debt?(我怎么可能还得起这么大的一笔债呢?)
四、不可避免将要发生的事情,后来将要发生的事情。
五、用于条件从句“如果……想,设想”(接近if ……want to,或if ……should)
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下面是小编整理的一些关于rather than 用法归纳, 希望让大家更好地认识rather than 这个词组,提高英语水平。
rather than 是一个并列连词,用法比较复杂,现归纳如下:
(1) 连接两个名词或代词
He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 与其说他是一个海员,不如说他是一个探险者。
You rather than I are going to go camping. 是你而不是我要去要野营。
注意:rather than 连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词应与rather than 前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。
(2) 连接两个形容词
The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap. 与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮。
(3) 连接两个介词(短语)或动名词
We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall. 我们是在教室里开会,不是在大厅里。
She enjoys singing rather than dancing. 她喜欢唱歌,而不喜欢跳舞。
(4) 连接两个分句
We should help him rather than he should help us. 是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该帮助我们。
(5) 连接两个不定式
I decided to write rather than (to) telephone. 我决定写信而不打电话。
注意:rather than 后接不定式时,不定式可以带to,也可以不带to, 如上句。但rather than位于句首时,则只能接不带to 的不定式。如:Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price. 他唯恐蔬菜烂掉,把它们以半价卖掉了。
(6) 连接两个动词
He ran rather than walked. 他是跑来的,而不是走来的。
注意:这里rather than 后用了walked,而没有用walk,表示客观事实,而不是主观愿望。如果换成walk,则作“宁愿……而不愿 ……”解。
would rather的用法
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下面是小编整理的一些关于rather than的用法大全, 希望对大家有帮助。
rather than 可作连词词组使用,连接两个并列成分,表示在两者中间进行选择,意为“是 A 而不是 B ”、“要 A 不要 B ”、“宁愿 A 而不愿 B ”等,后面可以接名词、代词、形容词、副词、动词和动词不定式等。
I’d prefer to read in the library rather than at home.
我宁愿在图书馆看书,也不愿在家里看书。
I’d prefer to do it in this way rather than in that way.
我喜欢这样做,而不愿意那样做。
He went to the park in the evening rather than in the morning.
他喜欢晚上去公园,而不喜欢早上去。
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以下是小编整理的情感类英语美文欣赏:Why does the Moon seem to follow us, 希望使你的心灵有所触动。
Why does the Moon seem to follow us when wedrive? asks a 4th-grade class in Lancaster, OH.
Feel like you're being followed? While it seems likethe Moon is always just over your shoulder on amoonlit night, the Sun is also shadowing you as youdrive on a sunny afternoon. And then there arethose distant mountains to worry about…
According to astronomers, the reason why the Moon and the Sun seem to be following usis because they are so far away. The Moon, for example, is about 240,000 miles away; the Sunabout 93 million miles. And no matter how fast we drive, we just can't pass them.
When you drive by a stand of trees or a series of telephone poles near the road, you passthem very quickly. So you see roadside objects first ahead of you, then next to you, and finallybehind you, receding into the rear-view mirror.
But when you drive (or stroll) by the Moon, it's a different story. Because the Moon is sofar away, the angle you view it from will change very little as you move along. So mile after mile,the Moon will remain in roughly the same spot of sky. And just as you can't “pass” the Moon,neither can you shake the presence of the Sun, planets, or stars. Even very distant mountainranges appear nearly stationary as we drive by. And far-away farms and city skylines seem tomove by very slowly.
Since we can't pass the Moon, we can't pass its reflection, either. When you walk along thebeach at night, the river of moonlight reflected off the water moves right along with you. Try towade out into the moonlight, and you'll find it remains tantalizingly out of reach, just as ashimmering patch-of-water mirage retreats down the road as you drive toward it.
When you stand on the beach, moonlight bounces off the water and into your eyes at anearly fixed angle. As long as the Moon is in the same spot of sky and the water level doesn'trise or fall much, the angle of reflection will remain roughly the same. So if you can see theentire ribbon of moonlight, your eyes are at just the right height to intercept the rays of lightbouncing off the water from the horizon to the beach.
Once you wade out into the water, however, you've also moved your eyes. The moonlightbouncing from the water at your feet doesn't strike your eyes; instead, it shoots right pastyou at a lower height. So the water at your feet looks dark.
Friends on the beach behind you, however, will see you standing right in the moonlightroad, and could even snap a picture of it. So to bathe in moonlight, simply sit down in thewater, where your eyes can catch the silvery light at the right angle.
Meanwhile, just as every car on the road thinks the Moon is following them, so every walker on the beach sees their own ribbon of moonlight, stretching towards the horizon.
By Kathy Wollard
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rather than的意思是:宁可...也不愿(与其...倒不如,而不是),有并列的意思,是根据句子的意思来解释的。下面小编给大家带来关于rather than的相关知识,供大家参考。
一)用作连词
用作连词,相当于but not,意为“而不”、“不是……(而是)”、“与其……(不如)”,前后连接的成分应该是平行的。如:
He ran rather than walked. 他不是在走而是在跑。
He is a writer rather than a teacher. 与其说他是教师还不如说他是作家。
You are doing this for yourself rather than for others. 你做这件事不是为别人而是为你自己。
It was what he meant rather than what he said. 这是他的意思,而不是他说的话。
二)用作介词
用作介词时,也表示but not,其意为“而不”、“不是……(而是)”、“与其……(不如)”,正如一般介词要后接动名词作宾语一样,rather than后也可接动名词作宾语。如:
I decided to write a cheque rather than using the last of my cash, 我决定开张支票而不把现金用光。
三)特别说明
由于既可视为并列连词也可视为介词,所以连接不定式时,后面一个不定式可带to或不带to(视为准并列连词时),也可用动名词(视为介词时)。如:
I decided to stay at home rather than (to) go [going] to the cinema. 我宁愿呆在家里也不愿去看电影。
四)语法上的提醒
1. 若 rather than 位于句首,其后的不定式通常不带to(也可用动名词)。如:
Rather than go there by air, I’d take the slowest train. 我宁可乘最慢的火车去也不愿坐飞机去。
Rather than waste [wasting] your time doing it yourself, why don’t you call in a builder? 你为什么宁愿浪费时间自己去干而不去请一个包工的呢?
2. 连接两个成分作主语时,其谓语动词的数通常与前面一个主语保持一致。如:
The teacher rather than the students is to blame. 应受责备的是老师而不是学生。
短语rather than的用法归纳相关
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以下是小编为大家整理的rather than的用法总结,希望能帮助大家更好地认识rather than这个词组,提高英语水平。
rather than 的意思和用法:
conj.宁可 ... 也不愿;与其 ... 倒不如;而不是
prep.而非...;替代...
rather than 用法总结:
rather than 是一个并列连词,用法比较复杂,现归纳如下:
1. rather than 不与would连用时,表示客观事实,意为“是……而不是……;与其……不如……”。它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。现分述如下: (1) 连接两个名词或代词
He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 与其说他是一个海员,不如说他是一个探险者。 You rather than I are going to go camping. 是你而不是我要去要野营。
2. rather than 与would 连用时,构成“would rather...than...”句式,意思是“宁愿……而不愿……”,表示主观愿望,即在两者之中选择其一。例如:
She'd rather die than lose the children. 她宁愿死也不愿失去孩子们。
注意:rather than 连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词应与rather than 前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。 (2) 连接两个形容词
The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap. 与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮。
(3) 连接两个介词(短语)或动名词
We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall. 我们是在教室里开会,不是在大厅里。
She enjoys singing rather than dancing. 她喜欢唱歌,而不喜欢跳舞。 (4) 连接两个分句
We should help him rather than he should help us. 是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该帮助我们。 (5) 连接两个不定式
I decided to write rather than (to) telephone. 我决定写信而不打电话。
注意:rather than 后接不定式时,不定式可以带to,也可以不带to, 如上句。但rather than位于句首时,则只能接不带to 的不定式。如:Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price. 他唯恐蔬菜烂掉,把它们以半价卖掉了。 (6) 连接两个动词
He ran rather than walked. 他是跑来的,而不是走来的。
注意:这里rather than 后用了walked,而没有用walk,表示客观事实,而不是主观愿望。如果换成walk,则作“宁愿……而不愿 ……”解。 would rather的用法
一、would rather意思是“宁愿、宁可、更、最好、还是为好”,后接动词原形,常省略为’d rather,表示优先选择的一种方式
其否定形式是would rather not do sth。would rather没有人称和数的变化,所有的人称一律用would rather。
“would rather+动词原形”是英语中常见的一个惯用句式,美国英语中多用had rather。would (had)在此决无“过去”之意,它是一个情态助动词,且无词性、时态变化。 例 Mr Li would rather not listen to rock music. 李先生不愿意听摇滚音乐。
If you’d rather be alone, we’ll all leave here. 如果你宁愿独自呆着,那我们都离开这儿。
He’d rather work in the countryside. 她宁可到农村去工作。
You would rather stay at home and do some reading this evening. 今晚你最好呆在家中读点书。
二、如果在两者中进行取舍,表示“宁愿……而不愿……,与其……宁可……”的意思时,则可用would rather…than…或would…rather than…的句型
例 I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema. 我宁可在家看电视而不愿去看电影。
The children would walk there rather than take a bus. 孩子们宁愿步行去那里而不愿乘公共汽车。
请注意 1) would rather…than…/would…rather than…也可以颠倒为:rather
than…would…。Would(rather)和than后都接不带to的动词不定式,若选用的动词相同,那么than 后的动词可以省略。
例 I would rather have noodles than rice. 我宁愿吃面条也不吃米饭。 He would rather drink wine than beer. 他喜欢喝红葡萄酒而不喜欢喝啤酒。 Rather than work in such bad condition, he would give up. 与其在这样差的条件下工作,他宁愿放弃。
2)使用would rather…than…句型时要注意“平行结构”,即在than 的前后要用两个同类的词或词组,如两个名词、两个不定式、两个介词短语等。
例
I would rather talk with his mother than with his father. 我宁愿和他妈说话而不愿和他爸说话。
I would rather go to work by bike than by bus. 我宁愿骑自行车也不愿乘公共汽车去上班。
三、在疑问句式中,would rather 与would rather…than…中的would要放在主语之前 例 Would you rather stay here or go home? 你愿意呆在这里,还是回家? Which would you rather have, apples or bananas? 你喜欢吃苹果还是香蕉? Would you rather read a novel than read a poem?你宁愿看小说而不愿朗读诗歌吗? 四、would rather+从句,是一个常用的虚拟语气句型 Would rather+从句,谓语一般用过去时来表示现在或将来。其意为“宁愿……,还是…… 好些”“一个人宁愿另一个人做某事”。引导从句的that常省略。在谈到过去的动作时,谓语则用过去完成时。
例 John wants to see me today. I would rather he came to tomorrow than today. 约翰今天想去看我。我宁愿他明天来看我而不是今天。(句中came不是表示过去而是表示将来)
We’d rather he paid us the money tomorrow. 我们宁愿他明天付给我们那笔钱。 Don’t come tomorrow. I’d rather you came next weekend. 明天别来。我希望你下周末来。
请注意 1) 如果谈到过去的动作,也就是表示过去已经发生的事情在选择上不恰当。此时,主句一般为I had rather ,其(that)从句则用过去完成时。 例 Would rather you had not done that. 我真希望你没有做那件事。
2)如果只涉及主语本人而不涉及另一个人,则would rather之后不接that从句而接have done结构。
例 I would rather have gone to the theatre than stayed home night. 我真希望昨天晚上去看了戏而不是呆在家里。 He would rather be poor than have got money by dishonest methods. 他宁可穷也不愿意用不诚实的手段获取金钱。
Henry would rather that his girlfriend worked in the same department as he does.亨利希望他的女朋友和他在一个部门工作。
五、would rather/sooner和prefer/would prefer的区别 would rather和would sooner之间一般没有区别,但经常接触到的是would rather。
例Tom would rather/sooner read than talk. 汤姆宁可读书而不愿谈天。
Tom prefers reading to talking.汤姆喜欢读书而不喜欢谈天。
请注意 1)would rather后跟不带to的不定式+than+不带 to的不定式,而prefer后跟动名词+to+动名词。有时prefer后面也可跟名词,而在would rather之后要求只带动词原形。
例 He prefers wine to beer.= He would rather drink wine than beer. 他喜欢喝红葡萄酒而不喜欢喝啤酒。
I prefer tennis to golf.= I’d rather play tennis than golf. 我喜欢打网球而不喜欢打高尔夫球。 2)某些 prefer+名词的情况不能用 would rather完全确切地表达出来:He prefers dogs to cats.(他喜欢狗而不喜欢猫。)和 He would rather have dogs than cats.(他宁可养狗而不愿养猫。)很明显,这两句的意思并不完全相同。 3) would rather+不带to的不定式有时可代替 would prefer+带 to的不定式。 例 I’d rather fly than go by sea.=I’d prefer to fly. 我宁愿乘飞机也不愿乘船。 这两个结构后面带名词时情况也一样: 例 —Would you like some gin?
—I’d prefer a coffee.=I’d rather have coffee than gin. —您想喝点杜松子酒吗?
—我想喝点咖啡。/我想喝点咖啡,不想喝杜松子酒。
4)would rather/sooner和would prefer后面都可跟完成式,但后者带to。
例 We went by sea but I’d rather have gone by air=I’d prefer to have gone by air. 我们是乘船去的,可我本想乘飞机去。(我愿意乘飞机去,可我的愿望未能实现。)这和 would like+不定式的完成式有点相似,would like+带to 的不定式的完成式也表示未能实现的愿望。
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rather than用法相关
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doctor 表示两个常用意思时的用法说明
(1) 与姓氏连用时,它通常只用缩略式而不用完整形式。如:
This is Dr Brown. 这是布朗博士。
Dr Barnaby gave us a very interesting talk on boat building in ancient times. 巴纳比博士为我们做了一次关于古代造船的很有趣的讲演。
(2) 注意以下“博士学位”的表达:
He took his doctor’s degree at Harvard. 他在哈佛得了博士学位。
She’s presently working on her PhD. 她目前在攻读哲学博士学位。
She’s studying for her doctorate. 她正在攻读博士学位。
He earned his doctorate in philosophy. 他获得了哲学博士学位。
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try to do sth 和 try doing sth 的用法以及他们的意思
try doing表示"尝试干、干……试试",含有"看结果如何"之意。
例:
I usually go there by train.
-Why not _________ by boat for a change?
A.to try going B. trying to go
C.to try and go D.try going
答案为D。
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以下是小编为大家整理的感官动词 + doing/to do的用法总结,希望能帮助大家提高英语水平。
感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do 表示动作的完整性,真实性;+doing 表示动作的连续性,进行性
I saw him work in the garden yesterday.
昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看见了"这个事实)
I saw him working in the garden yesterday.(强调"我见他正干活"这个动作)
昨天我见他正在花园里干活。
1)The missing boy was last seen ___ near the river.
A. playing B. to be playingC. playD. to play
答案A. 本题强调其动作,正在河边玩,应此用see sb. doing sth句型。
2)They knew her very well. They had seen her ___ up from childhood.
A. grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grow
答案:A。因题意为,他们看着她长大,因此强调的是成长的过程,而非正在长的动作,因此用see sb do sth 的句型。
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下面是小编整理的一些关于rather than正确用法总结,希望对大家有帮助。
rather than用作连词,连接两个平行结构。既可以表示主观愿望上的决择,“与其…宁可…”,也可以表示客观程度上的差异,“与其说是…不如说是…”。例如:
I'd prefer to go in August rather than in July.我愿8月去不愿7月去。
He is at school rather than at home .他是在学校而不是在家。
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下面是小编整理的一些关于rather than英语用法总结, 希望让大家更好地认识rather than这个短语,提高英语水平。
其后接代词、名词和动名词。
Rather than a new car, he bought a color television.
他买了一台彩电,而没买新轿车。
Why didn't you ask for help, rather than trying to do it on your own?
你干吗非得自己干,而不请人帮忙?
We ought to check up, rather than just accepting what he says.
我们应该检查一下,而不是只接受他所说的话。
Their actions precipitated the war rather than averting it.
他们的行为不是阻止战争,而是加速战争。
"A friend in need is a friend indeed."The message here is that someone who stays with you and helps you in times of trouble, rather than turning their back, is a true friend.
“患难朋友才是真正的朋友。”这里的意思是说帮助你共渡难关的人才是真正的朋友,而不是那些拒绝帮助的人。
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下面是小编整理的一些关于rather than的正确用法,希望对大家有帮助。
1.rather than 不与would连用时,表示客观事实,意为“是……而不是……;与其……不如……”。它连
接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。
(1) 连接两个名词或代词
He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 与其说他是一个海员,不如说他是一个探险者。
You rather than I are going to go camping. 是你而不是我要去要野营。
注意:rather than 连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词应与rather than 前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。
(2) 连接两个形容词
The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap.
与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮。
(3) 连接两个介词(短语)或动名词
We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall.
我们是在教室里开会,不是在大厅里。
She enjoys singing rather than dancing. 她喜欢唱歌,而不喜欢跳舞。
(4) 连接两个分句
We should help him rather than he should help us. 是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该帮助我们。
(5) 连接两个不定式
I decided to write rather than (to) telephone. 我决定写信而不打电话。
注意:rather than 后接不定式时,不定式可以带to,也可以不带to, 如上句。但rather than位于句首时,则只能接不带to 的不定式。如:Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price. 他唯恐蔬菜烂掉,把它们以半价卖掉了。
(6) 连接两个动词
He ran rather than walked. 他是跑来的,而不是走来的。
注意:这里rather than 后用了walked,而没有用walk,表示客观事实,而不是主观愿望。如果换成walk,则作“宁愿……而不愿 ……”解。
2. rather than 与would 连用时,构成“would rather...than...”句式,意思是“宁愿……而不
愿……”,表示主观愿望,即在两者之中选择其一。例如: She'd rather die than lose the
children. 她宁愿死也不愿失去孩子们。#p#副标题#e#
would rather的用法
rather…than…或would…rather than…的句型
I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema. 我宁可在家看电视而不愿去看电影。
The children would walk there rather than take a bus.
孩子们宁愿步行去那里而不愿乘公共汽车。
请注意
1) would rather…than…/would…rather than…也可以颠倒为:rather than…would…。Would(rather)
和than后都接不带to的动词不定式,若选用的动词相同,那么than 后的动词可以省略。
I would rather have noodles than rice. 我宁愿吃面条也不吃米饭。
He would rather drink wine than beer. 他喜欢喝红葡萄酒而不喜欢喝啤酒。
Rather than work in such bad condition, he would give up.
与其在这样差的条件下工作,他宁愿放弃。
2)使用would rather…than…句型时要注意“平行结构”,即在than 的前后要用两个同类的词或词组,如
两个名词、两个不定式、两个介词短语等。
I would rather go to work by bike than by bus. 我宁愿骑自行车也不愿乘公共汽车去上班。
I would rather talk with his mother than with his father. 我宁愿和他妈说话而不愿和他爸说话。
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下面是小编整理的一些关于rather than的用法, 希望呢个让大家更好地认识rather than这个词组,提高英语水平。
rather than 是一个并列连词,用法比较复杂,现归纳如下:
1. rather than 与would 连用时,构成“would rather...than...”句式,意思是“宁愿……而不愿……”,表示主观愿望,即在两者之中选择其一。例如:
She'd rather die than lose the children. 她宁愿死也不愿失去孩子们。
2. rather than 不与would连用时,表示客观事实,意为“是……而不是……;与其……不如……”。它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。现分述如下:
(1) 连接两个名词或代词
He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 与其说他是一个海员,不如说他是一个探险者。
You rather than I are going to go camping. 是你而不是我要去要野营。
注意:rather than 连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词应与rather than 前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。
(2) 连接两个形容词
The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap. 与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮。
(3) 连接两个介词(短语)或动名词
We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall. 我们是在教室里开会,不是在大厅里。
She enjoys singing rather than dancing. 她喜欢唱歌,而不喜欢跳舞。
(4) 连接两个分句
We should help him rather than he should help us. 是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该帮助我们。
(5) 连接两个不定式
I decided to write rather than (to) telephone. 我决定写信而不打电话。
注意:rather than 后接不定式时,不定式可以带to,也可以不带to, 如上句。但rather than位于句首时,则只能接不带to 的不定式。如:Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price. 他唯恐蔬菜烂掉,把它们以半价卖掉了。
(6) 连接两个动词
He ran rather than walked. 他是跑来的,而不是走来的。
注意:这里rather than 后用了walked,而没有用walk,表示客观事实,而不是主观愿望。如果换成walk,则作“宁愿……而不愿 ……”解。
would rather的用法
一、would rather意思是“宁愿、宁可、更、最好、还是为好”,后接动词原形,常省略为’d rather,表示优先选择的一种方式
其否定形式是would rather not do sth。would rather没有人称和数的变化,所有的人称一律用would rather。
“would rather+动词原形”是英语中常见的一个惯用句式,美国英语中多用had rather。would (had)在此决无“过去”之意,它是一个情态助动词,且无词性、时态变化。
例 Mr Li would rather not listen to rock music. 李先生不愿意听摇滚音乐。
If you’d rather be alone, we’ll all leave here. 如果你宁愿独自呆着,那我们都离开这儿。
He’d rather work in the countryside. 她宁可到农村去工作。
You would rather stay at home and do some reading this evening. 今晚你最好呆在家中读点书。
二、如果在两者中进行取舍,表示“宁愿……而不愿……,与其……宁可……”的意思时,则可用would rather…than…或would…rather than…的句型
例 I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema. 我宁可在家看电视而不愿去看电影。
The children would walk there rather than take a bus. 孩子们宁愿步行去那里而不愿乘公共汽车。
请注意 1) would rather…than…/would…rather than…也可以颠倒为:rather than…would…。Would(rather)和than后都接不带to的动词不定式,若选用的动词相同,那么than 后的动词可以省略。
例 I would rather have noodles than rice. 我宁愿吃面条也不吃米饭。
He would rather drink wine than beer. 他喜欢喝红葡萄酒而不喜欢喝啤酒。
Rather than work in such bad condition, he would give up. 与其在这样差的条件下工作,他宁愿放弃。
2)使用would rather…than…句型时要注意“平行结构”,即在than 的前后要用两个同类的词或词组,如两个名词、两个不定式、两个介词短语等。
例 I would rather go to work by bike than by bus. 我宁愿骑自行车也不愿乘公共汽车去上班。
I would rather talk with his mother than with his father. 我宁愿和他妈说话而不愿和他爸说话。
三、在疑问句式中,would rather 与would rather…than…中的would要放在主语之前
例 Would you rather stay here or go home? 你愿意呆在这里,还是回家?
Which would you rather have, apples or bananas? 你喜欢吃苹果还是香蕉?
Would you rather read a novel than read a poem?你宁愿看小说而不愿朗读诗歌吗?
四、would rather+从句,是一个常用的虚拟语气句型 Would rather+从句,谓语一般用过去时来表示现在或将来。其意为“宁愿……,还是…… 好些”“一个人宁愿另一个人做某事”。引导从句的that常省略。在谈到过去的动作时,谓语则用过去完成时。
例 John wants to see me today. I would rather he came to tomorrow than today. 约翰今天想去看我。我宁愿他明天来看我而不是今天。(句中came不是表示过去而是表示将来)
We’d rather he paid us the money tomorrow. 我们宁愿他明天付给我们那笔钱。
Don’t come tomorrow. I’d rather you came next weekend. 明天别来。我希望你下周末来。
请注意 1) 如果谈到过去的动作,也就是表示过去已经发生的事情在选择上不恰当。此时,主句一般为I had rather ,其(that)从句则用过去完成时。 例 Would rather you had not done that. 我真希望你没有做那件事。
2)如果只涉及主语本人而不涉及另一个人,则would rather之后不接that从句而接have done结构。
例 I would rather have gone to the theatre than stayed home night. 我真希望昨天晚上去看了戏而不是呆在家里。 He would rather be poor than have got money by dishonest methods. 他宁可穷也不愿意用不诚实的手段获取金钱。
Henry would rather that his girlfriend worked in the same department as he does.亨利希望他的女朋友和他在一个部门工作。
五、would rather/sooner和prefer/would prefer的区别 would rather和would sooner之间一般没有区别,但经常接触到的是would rather。
例Tom would rather/sooner read than talk. 汤姆宁可读书而不愿谈天。 Tom prefers reading to talking.汤姆喜欢读书而不喜欢谈天。
请注意 1)would rather后跟不带to的不定式+than+不带 to的不定式,而prefer后跟动名词+to+动名词。有时prefer后面也可跟名词,而在would rather之后要求只带动词原形。
例 He prefers wine to beer.= He would rather drink wine than beer. 他喜欢喝红葡萄酒而不喜欢喝啤酒。
I prefer tennis to golf.= I’d rather play tennis than golf. 我喜欢打网球而不喜欢打高尔夫球。 2)某些 prefer+名词的情况不能用 would rather完全确切地表达出来:He prefers dogs to cats.(他喜欢狗而不喜欢猫。)和 He would rather have dogs than cats.(他宁可养狗而不愿养猫。)很明显,这两句的意思并不完全相同。
3) would rather+不带to的不定式有时可代替 would prefer+带 to的不定式。
例 I’d rather fly than go by sea.=I’d prefer to fly. 我宁愿乘飞机也不愿乘船。
这两个结构后面带名词时情况也一样:
例 —Would you like some gin?
—I’d prefer a coffee.=I’d rather have coffee than gin.
—您想喝点杜松子酒吗?
—我想喝点咖啡。/我想喝点咖啡,不想喝杜松子酒。
4)would rather/sooner和would prefer后面都可跟完成式,但后者带to。
例 We went by sea but I’d rather have gone by air=I’d prefer to have gone by air. 我们是乘船去的,可我本想乘飞机去。(我愿意乘飞机去,可我的愿望未能实现。)这和 would like+不定式的完成式有点相似,would like+带to 的不定式的完成式也表示未能实现的愿望。
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(1) 表示做某事的责任或负责做某事,其后通常接of [for] doing sth,而不接不定式。如:
Mr Smith will take the responsibility of [for] doing the experiment. 史密斯先生将负责做这个实验。
She is charged with the responsibility of [for] receiving callers and answering letters. 她被安排负责接待来访者和回信。
(2) 但是,在have [feel] a responsibility结构后可以接不定式。如:
Every citizen has a responsibility to vote. 每个公民都有投票选举的责任。
They have a responsibility to discover which wives have walked out on their husbands. 他们有责任找出哪些妻子抛弃了丈夫。
注:类似下面这样的句子,responsibility后面的不定式不是定语,而是句子主语:
To my mind it’s the government’s responsibility to help these people. 依我看帮助这些人是政府的责任。
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